A person can consider himself healthy until one day he feels pain in his back. Almost every disease makes itself felt, radiating to this area.
In addition, such sensations do not allow you to live and work in the same rhythm. What can back pain indicate and what is their nature?
Causes of back pain
A lot depends on what kind of lifestyle a person leads. Even an excessive addiction to fatty foods can cause back pain. But the main causes of back pain are:
- ailments of the spinal column;
- diseases of the genitourinary system;
- natural aging;
- too high loads;
- pregnancy.
Functions of the lumbar
The vertebrae located in the lumbar region have the most massive structure. They are strong and big.
This is due to the fact that the main part of the load falls here. The lower back takes on a very important function - upright posture.
In addition to body weight, other burdens are placed on the lumbar spine. Athletes lift heavy weights, women try to bring huge bags from the market.
Intervertebral discs provide cushioning, but without proper care, the spine begins to change. This creates severe pain.
After sleep, the intervertebral discs are again saturated with fluid and are ready for work. But if lower back pain becomes constant companions, you should immediately consult a doctor.
With severe pathologies, even during sleep, the vertebrae do not diverge and access to nutrients is impossible.
Diseases of the spinal column
If the lower back hurts for no apparent reason, then most likely the reason lies in diseases of the spine. In the first place is osteochondrosis.
It develops against the background of general exhaustion caused by malnutrition, obesity, dystrophy of the muscular corset.
Excess weight adds a load to the spine, the vertebrae begin to put pressure on each other with more force. The intervertebral discs collapse under pressure and do not have enough break to fill with fluid.
Moreover, if a person does not eat properly, then the metabolism is disturbed, and the nutrition of the intervertebral discs is accordingly disturbed.
Muscle dystrophy can develop due to constant stress, heavy loads and a sedentary lifestyle. The development mechanism is very simple.
- Muscles get too much stress. Due to unpreparedness, they freeze, while accumulating lactic acid in themselves.
- Without proper relaxation (for example, massage), the muscles cannot contract. Being in constant tension, she does not allow blood to flow properly to her.
- Without getting the required amount of nutrients, the muscles simply break down.
After that, the spine is involved in the process. The bones alone cannot bear the weight of a person. Ligaments and muscles help them.
But, when the muscles are absent, all the weight falls on the vertebrae. Under pressure, the intervertebral disc protrudes into the holes and can compress the nerve processes.
With lumbar osteochondrosis, the patient feels pain in the lower back, radiating to the leg. Most often, the sciatic nerve is damaged, and each step responds with an electric shock.
If you do not treat such a disease, you can completely lose sensitivity in the lower extremities. The same condition is observed with displacement of the vertebrae, lordosis, scoliosis, etc.
The main difference between spinal lesions is increased pain after movement, as well as a feeling of relief after rest and sleep. Slightly alleviate the condition helps to "stretch" the spine. It must be done before sleep.
Diseases of the genitourinary system
Pain in the lower back can appear with diseases of the ovaries in women, kidneys. In this case, symptoms may appear after hypothermia.
With inflammation of the ovaries, a woman experiences sensations similar to menstrual syndrome. Pain in the lower back becomes a pulling, permanent character.
If the lower back hurts sharply, like a knife, piercing, to the left or right of the spine, this indicates inflammation of the kidneys.
In this case, pyelonephritis or glomerulonephritis is possible. The doctor prescribes tests, performs an examination. If kidney stones are found, they are removed with a laser.
natural aging
People over 30 come with complaints of back pain. It could be pain due to wear and tear on the vertebrae. The rate of spinal aging is related to a person's lifestyle.
If he did not overdo it in the gym, but went in for sports, the pain will become chronic very soon.
The vertebral section makes itself felt the very first, as it endures the greatest load. Many scientists argue that lower back pain is our retribution for the ability to keep our back straight.
Without proper prevention, under the weight of the body, the intervertebral discs are destroyed, the vertebrae are displaced and twisted.
Too high loads
There is an opinion that it is simply necessary to go to the gym once a week and bring yourself to exhaustion in order to look good and be healthy.
But for any load you need to prepare. Before training, you must perform a warm-up, complete stretching exercises.
And increase the amount of exercise gradually. So, it will be much more effective to do daily exercises.
With sudden loads, for example, in weightlifters, gymnasts, there is a high probability of sprains, protrusion of the disc, etc.
Pregnancy
Lower back pain during pregnancy is almost a physiological condition. With the growth of the fetus, they can become stronger, numbness appears after sleep in the limbs. This is due to the sudden weight gain.
Now the spine needs to hold not only the mass of the mother, but also the unborn child, which grows in a large amount of water.
Pregnant women often complain that their lower back hurts in the morning. You can avoid this if you sleep on an orthopedic mattress and pillow. And during the day, a special bandage will help ease the load, which unloads the lower back.
As a rule, such back pain disappears after childbirth. If they persist for a month, you should consult a doctor.
Diagnosis of low back pain
This type of pain is not difficult to diagnose. It is enough for the doctor to listen to the description of the pain from the patient, to find out whether it appears after sleep, has an increasing or constant character, whether there is an electric shock syndrome. And after that, the doctor can identify the main possible cause of the pain.
The basis of any treatment is gymnastics, which helps to strengthen the muscles, and massage, to relax the latter.